Organization Design refers to the process of creating hierarchy in the organization structure and determining the flow of responsibility and authority within the structure in an organization. An Organisation structure is the outcome of an organizing design and usually depends the objectives and strategy of an organization. It also determines theRead More →
Marketing information system refers to an organized set of procedures, information handling routines, communication and reporting techniques designed to provide information required for making marketing decisions. It involves – Accessing Internal and External sources of information Identifying information problems and providing solutions to prevent these problems Analysis and processing ofRead More →
A budget is a financial and quantitative statement of an operational plan related to a specific time period, which is to be followed during the budgeted period in order to achieve specific financial objectives of an organization. According to I.C.W.A, “A budget is a financial and/or quantitative statement prepared priorRead More →
Resistance to change in a typical organization refers to an employee’s behaviour designed to discredit, delay or prevent instructions of change in an organization. However, resistance to change can be individual as well as organizational. Reasons why employees show resistance to change? Job security – Fear of losing job ChangeRead More →
Decision Making refers to a process by which individuals select a particular course of action among several alternatives to produce a desired result. The main purpose of decision making is to direct the resources of an organization towards a future goals and reduce the gap between the actual position andRead More →
Inflation accounting refers to the process of adjusting the financial statements of a company to show the real financial position of the company during inflationary period. It is a special accounting technique that is used during the period of high inflation. It requires adjustments in financial statements of a companyRead More →
Controlling is the process through which managers regulate the operations of an organization to ensure achievement of organizational goals and objectives. Control is simply making things happen in the way it was planned. Control refers to the comparison of actual performance of a task with the previously established standards or benchmarks,Read More →
Johari Window can be defined as a way of looking at how one’s personality is expressed. Johari Window explains the individual differences in the way people communicate their feelings, opinions and thoughts to others. The term ‘Johari Window’ was coined by Joe Luft and Harry Jugham, researchers at University ofRead More →
DAGMAR Approach is a model developed by Russell H Colley for setting advertising objectives and measuring the results for an advertising campaign. Colley prepared a report for the association of national advertisers titled “Defined Advertising Goals for Measured Advertising Results” which stressed on communication effects of advertising as the logicalRead More →
Communication Barriers refers to any interference, gap, distortion that may prevent the communicating parties to interact and understand each other effectively. Communication barriers may be in form of a physical walls, technical glitches, organizational policies or psychological issues. Communication is an art which gets better with practice. It requires aRead More →
Organizations survive on communications, communication in an organizations may be multi-dimensional or multi-directional. Right set of communication at the right time from the right desk spreads positive vibes across the organization. Understanding of different types of communication helps to determine the direction of communication. Formal Communication in organizations is highlyRead More →
Channel of Communication refers to the means through which a message is communicated. A communication may pass through various points or positions in an organization. Depending upon the means, structure and nature of communication, channels can be categorized into formal and informal communication channels. Irrespective of the mode of communication,Read More →